वैरिएंस/कोवेरिएंस कैलकुलेशन

# Create matrix B from equation in instructions
B <- ___(A)%*%A/(___(A) - 1)

# Compare 1st element of the 1st column of B to the variance of the first column of A
B[1,1]
____(A[, 1])

# Compare 1st element of 2nd column of B to the 1st element of the 2nd row of B to the covariance between the first two columns of A
B[1, 2]
B[2, 1]
___(A[, 1], A[, 2])