Melempar koin

Dalam video, Anda telah melihat fungsi kustom get_heads_prob() yang mengestimasi probabilitas keberhasilan dari distribusi binomial. Pada latihan ini, Anda akan menggunakannya sendiri dan memeriksa apakah fungsinya bekerja dengan baik dalam eksperimen pelemparan koin.

Harap perhatikan potensi kebingungan: ada dua distribusi probabilitas yang berbeda terlibat! Pertama adalah distribusi binomial, yang kita gunakan untuk memodelkan pelemparan koin. Ini adalah distribusi diskret dengan dua kemungkinan nilai (kepala atau ekor) yang diparameterkan oleh probabilitas keberhasilan (muncul kepala). Estimasi Bayesian untuk parameter ini adalah distribusi probabilitas lain yang bersifat kontinu. Kita tidak tahu pasti jenis distribusinya, tetapi kita dapat mengestimasinya dengan get_heads_prob() dan memvisualisasikannya.

numpy dan seaborn telah diimpor untuk Anda masing-masing sebagai np dan sns.

Latihan ini adalah bagian dari kursus

Analisis Data Bayesian dengan Python

Petunjuk latihan

Hasilkan daftar 1000 lemparan koin (0 dan 1) dengan peluang 50% muncul kepala, lalu simpan ke variabel tosses.
Gunakan tosses dan fungsi get_heads_prob() untuk mengestimasi probabilitas sisi kepala, lalu simpan hasilnya ke heads_prob.
Gambar plot densitas dari distribusi probabilitas sisi kepala yang baru saja Anda estimasi.

Latihan interaktif praktis

Cobalah latihan ini dengan menyelesaikan kode contoh berikut.

# Generate 1000 coin tosses
tosses = ____(____, ____, ____)

# Estimate the heads probability
heads_prob = ____

# Plot the distribution of heads probability
____(____, shade=True, label="heads probabilty")
plt.show()

Edit dan Jalankan Kode

Latihan ini adalah bagian dari kursus

Analisis Data Bayesian dengan Python

SkillTag.level.intermediateSkillTag.label

4.8+

Mulai Kursus Gratis

Take your first steps in the Bayesian world. In this chapter, you’ll be introduced to the basic concepts of probability and statistical distributions, as well as to the famous Bayes' Theorem, the cornerstone of Bayesian methods. Finally, you’ll build your first Bayesian model to draw conclusions from randomized coin tosses.

Exercise 1: Siapa Bayes? Apa itu Bayes?Exercise 2: Bayesian vs. Frequentist Exercise 3: Sebaran probabilitas Exercise 4: Probabilitas dan Teorema Bayes Exercise 5: Ayo bermain kartu Exercise 6: Filter spam Bayesian Exercise 7: Apa kata hasil tes?Exercise 8: Mencicipi Bayes Exercise 9: Melempar koin

Latihan Saat Ini

Exercise 10: Semakin sering Anda melempar, semakin banyak Anda belajar Exercise 11: Hei, apakah koin ini adil?

It’s time to look under the Bayesian hood. You’ll learn how to apply Bayes' Theorem to drug-effectiveness data to estimate the parameters of probability distributions using the grid approximation technique, and update these estimates as new data become available. Next, you’ll learn how to incorporate prior knowledge into the model before finally practicing the important skill of reporting results to a non-technical audience.

Exercise 1: Under the Bayesian hood Exercise 2: Towards grid approximation Exercise 3: Grid approximation without prior knowledge Exercise 4: Updating posterior belief Exercise 5: Prior belief Exercise 6: The truth of the prior Exercise 7: Picking the right prior Exercise 8: Simulating posterior draws Exercise 9: Reporting Bayesian results Exercise 10: Point estimates Exercise 11: Highest Posterior Density credible intervals Exercise 12: The meaning of credibility

Apply your newly acquired Bayesian data analysis skills to solve real-world business challenges. You’ll work with online sales marketing data to conduct A/B tests, decision analysis, and forecasting with linear regression models.

Exercise 1: A/B testing Exercise 2: Simulate beta posterior Exercise 3: Posterior click rates Exercise 4: A or B, and how sure are we?Exercise 5: How bad can it be?Exercise 6: Decision analysis Exercise 7: Decision analysis: cost Exercise 8: Decision analysis: profit Exercise 9: Regression and forecasting Exercise 10: Defining a Bayesian regression model Exercise 11: Analyzing regression parameters Exercise 12: Predictive distribution

In this final chapter, you’ll take advantage of the powerful PyMC3 package to easily fit Bayesian regression models, conduct sanity checks on a model's convergence, select between competing models, and generate predictions for new data. To wrap up, you’ll apply what you’ve learned to find the optimal price for avocados in a Bayesian data analysis case study. Good luck!

Exercise 1: Markov Chain Monte Carlo and model fitting Exercise 2: Markov Chain Monte Carlo Exercise 3: Sampling posterior draws Exercise 4: Interpreting results and comparing models Exercise 5: Inspecting posterior draws Exercise 6: Comparing models with WAIC Exercise 7: Making predictions Exercise 8: Sample from predictive density Exercise 9: Estimating test error Exercise 10: How much is an avocado?Exercise 11: Fitting the model Exercise 12: Inspecting the model Exercise 13: Optimizing the price Exercise 14: Final remarks