把你已經寫好的指令碼轉成套件，為你的套件開個頭。你會建立一個簡單的套件，並可在自己的電腦上使用。

啟動一個套件

模組、套件與子套件

從指令碼到套件

讓你的套件派上用場

文件說明

使用 pyment 撰寫函式文件

使用 pyment 撰寫函式文件 II

套件與模組文件

匯入結構設計

同層匯入（Sibling imports）

從父層匯入

將函式提供給使用者

從零散程式碼到本機套件

讓你的套件可供你自己與他人安裝。在本章中，你會學到如何處理相依套件、撰寫 README，以及加入授權條款。你也會完成將套件發佈到 PyPI——Python 套件的主要家園——所需的全部步驟。

安裝你自己的套件

# Import required functions
____

# Call setup function
____(
    author="<your-name>",
    description="____",
    name="____",
    packages=____(____=____),
    version="____",
)


# Import required functions
from setuptools import setup, find_packages

# Call setup function
setup(
    author="<your-name>",
    description="A package for converting imperial lengths and weights.",
    name="impyrial",
    packages=find_packages(include=["impyrial", "impyrial.*"]),
    version="0.1.0",
)


加入 setup 指令稿

import impyrial

result = impyrial.length.convert_unit(10, 'in', 'yd')
print(result)


# Run this to install the package locally
pip install -e .


在本機安裝你的套件

"""Conversions between ounces and larger imperial weight units"""
OUNCES_PER_POUND = 160  # 16 ounces in a pound
OUNCES_PER_STONE = OUNCES_PER_POUND * 14.0  # 14 pounds in a stone

UNITS = ("oz", "lb", "st")


def ounces_to_pounds(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert weights between ounces and pounds.

    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Weights in pounds.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from pounds to ounces
        instead of the default behaviour of ounces to pounds.

    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted weights with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * OUNCES_PER_POUND
    else:
        return x / OUNCES_PER_POUND


def ounces_to_stone(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert weights between ounces and stone.

    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Weights in stone.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from stone to ounces
        instead of the default behaviour of ounces to stone.

    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted weights with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * OUNCES_PER_STONE
    else:
        return x / OUNCES_PER_STONE


import impyrial

result = impyrial.weight.convert_unit(2, 'lb', 'oz')
print(result)


"""Conversions between ounces and larger imperial weight units"""
OUNCES_PER_POUND = 16.0  # 16 ounces in a pound
OUNCES_PER_STONE = OUNCES_PER_POUND * 14.0  # 14 pounds in a stone

UNITS = ("oz", "lb", "st")


def ounces_to_pounds(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert weights between ounces and pounds.

    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Weights in pounds.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from pounds to ounces
        instead of the default behaviour of ounces to pounds.

    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted weights with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * OUNCES_PER_POUND
    else:
        return x / OUNCES_PER_POUND


def ounces_to_stone(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert weights between ounces and stone.

    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Weights in stone.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from stone to ounces
        instead of the default behaviour of ounces to stone.

    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted weights with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * OUNCES_PER_STONE
    else:
        return x / OUNCES_PER_STONE


使用可編輯安裝

處理相依套件

from setuptools import setup, find_packages

# Add install requirements
setup(
    author="<your-name>",
    description="A package for converting imperial lengths and weights.",
    name="impyrial",
    packages=find_packages(include=["impyrial", "impyrial.*"]),
    version="0.1.0",
    ____=____,
)


from setuptools import setup, find_packages

# Add install requirements
setup(
    author="<your-name>",
    description="A package for converting imperial lengths and weights.",
    name="impyrial",
    packages=find_packages(include=["impyrial", "impyrial.*"]),
    version="0.1.0",
    install_requires=['numpy>=1.10', 'pandas'],
)


使用者相依套件

# Run this script to install the package locally
pip freeze > requirements.txt


開發相依套件

加入授權條款並撰寫 README

____

A package for converting between imperial unit lengths and weights.

This package was created for the ____DataCamp____ course "Developing Python Packages".

### Features

- Convert lengths between miles, yards, feet and inches.
- Convert weights between hundredweight, stone, pounds and ounces.

### Usage

____
import impyrial

# Convert 500 miles to feet
impyrial.length.convert_unit(500, from_unit='yd', to_unit='ft')  # returns 1500.0

# Convert 100 ounces to pounds
impyrial.weight.convert_unit(100, from_unit='oz', to_unit='lb')  # returns 6.25
____


# impyrial

A package for converting between imperial unit lengths and weights.

This package was created for the [DataCamp](https://www.datacamp.com) course "Developing Python Packages".

### Features

- Convert lengths between miles, yards, feet and inches.
- Convert weights between hundredweight, stone, pounds and ounces.

### Usage

```
import impyrial

# Convert 500 miles to feet
impyrial.length.convert_unit(500, from_unit='yd', to_unit='ft')  # returns 1500.0

# Convert 100 ounces to pounds
impyrial.weight.convert_unit(100, from_unit='oz', to_unit='lb')  # returns 6.25
```


撰寫 README

# impyrial

A package for converting between imperial unit lengths and weights.

This package was created for the [DataCamp](https://www.datacamp.com) course Developing Python Packages.

### Features

- Convert lengths between miles, yards, feet and inches.
- Convert weights between hundredweight, stone, pounds and ounces.

### Usage

```
import impyrial

# convert 500 miles to feet
impyrial.length.convert_unit(500, from_unit='yd', to_unit='ft')  # returns 1500.0

# convert 100 ounces to pounds
impyrial.weight.convert_unit(100, from_unit='oz', to_unit='lb')  # returns 6.25
```


MANIFEST－在套件中包含額外檔案

發佈你的套件

# Run this code to complete the exercise
python3 setup.py sdist bdist_wheel


建立散佈套件

# Run the following in the terminal:
# twine upload dist/*


上傳發行檔

從任何地方安裝你的套件

把你的套件提升到專業水準。你將學會使用 pytest 防止錯誤、用 tox 測試套件是否能在多個 Python 版本下運作，以及用 flake8 維持良好的程式風格。

測試你的套件

建立測試目錄

撰寫一些基本測試

執行你的測試

在不同環境中測試你的套件

設定 tox

執行 tox

讓你的套件更有型

適當的風格過濾

使用 flake8 清理檔案

忽略特定錯誤

設定 flake8

提升你的套件品質

更快速地建立你的套件。在最後一章中，你會學到如何使用 cookiecutter 產生套件所需的各種支援檔案、利用 Makefile 簡化新版本釋出流程，並認識最後幾個能吸引使用者與貢獻者的必要檔案。

用樣板更快開發套件

使用套件樣板

版本號與變更歷史

CONTRIBUTING.md

版本歷史檔

使用 bumpversion 追蹤版本號

Makefile 與分類器

PyPI 分類標籤

使用 Makefile

總結

快速套件開發

你是否常把同一段程式碼在不同檔案間複製貼上，總希望能更容易重複使用與分享這些好用片段？把程式碼包裝成 Python 套件就能幫上忙！在本課程中，你會學到套件結構，以及把零散程式碼轉成好用套件所需的額外檔案。你也會學到匯入結構、文件撰寫，並使用 flake8 維持程式風格一致。接著，透過建立樣板並使用 cookiecutter 產生套件骨架，來加速你的套件開發。最後，你將學習如何使用 setuptools 與 twine 建置並發佈套件到 PyPI——Python 套件的全球舞台。

Introduction to Shell

Writing Functions in Python

了解套件結構、匯入結構、文件及維護代碼風格，然後建立模板並使用設置工具發布。

開發 Python 套件

學會建立自己的 Python 套件，讓你的程式碼更易於使用與分享。

撰寫 README

開發 Python 套件

動手互動練習