Get your package started by converting scripts you have already written. You'll create a simple package which you can use on your own computer.

Starting a package

Modules, packages and subpackages

From script to package

Putting your package to work

Documentation

Writing function documentation with pyment

Writing function documentation with pyment II

Package and module documentation

Structuring imports

Sibling imports

Importing from parents

Exposing functions to users

From Loose Code to Local Package

Make your package installable for yourself and others. In this chapter, you'll learn to deal with dependencies,  write READMEs, and include licenses. You'll also complete all the steps to publish your package on PyPI—the main home of Python packages.

Installing your own package

Adding the setup script

Installing your package locally

Utilizing editable installs

Dealing with dependencies

User dependencies

Development dependencies

Including licences and writing READMEs

Writing a README

MANIFEST - Including extra files with your package

Publishing your package

Building a distribution

Uploading distributions

Install Your Package from Anywhere

Bring your package up to a professional standard. Discover how to use pytest to guard against errors, tox to test if your package functions with multiple versions of Python, and flake8 to maintain great code style.

Testare il tuo pacchetto

from impyrial.length.core import inches_to_feet, inches_to_yards


Creare la directory dei test

from impyrial.length.core import inches_to_feet, inches_to_yards

# Define tests for inches_to_feet function
def ____():
	# Check that 12 inches is converted to 1.0 foot
    ____ ____(____) == 1.0 
    # Check that 2.5 feet is converted to 30.0 inches
    ____ ____(____, reverse=True) == ____


from impyrial.length.core import inches_to_feet, inches_to_yards

# Define tests for inches_to_feet function
def test_inches_to_feet():
	# Check that 12 inches is converted to 1.0 foot
    assert inches_to_feet(12) == 1.0
    # Check that 2.5 feet is converted to 30.0 inches
    assert inches_to_feet(2.5, reverse=True) == 30.0


Scrivere alcuni test di base

from impyrial.length.core import inches_to_feet, inches_to_yards

# Define tests for inches_to_feet function
def test_inches_to_feet():
	# Check that 12 inches is converted to 1 foot
    assert inches_to_feet(12) == 1.0
    # Check that 2.5 feet is converted to 30 inches
    assert inches_to_feet(2.5, reverse=True) == 30.0
    


"""Conversions between inches and larger imperial length units"""
INCHES_PER_FOOT = 120  # 12.0 inches in a foot
INCHES_PER_YARD = INCHES_PER_FOOT * 3.0  # 3 feet in a yard

UNITS = ("in", "ft", "yd")


def inches_to_feet(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert lengths between inches and feet.
    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Lengths in feet.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from feet to inches
        instead of the default behaviour of inches to feet.
    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted lengths with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * INCHES_PER_FOOT
    else:
        return x / INCHES_PER_FOOT


def inches_to_yards(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert lengths between inches and yards.
    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Lengths in feet.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from yards to inches
        instead of the default behaviour of inches to yards.
    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted lengths with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * INCHES_PER_YARD
    else:
        return x / INCHES_PER_YARD


"""Conversions between inches and larger imperial length units"""
INCHES_PER_FOOT = 12.0  # 12.0 inches in a foot
INCHES_PER_YARD = INCHES_PER_FOOT * 3.0  # 3 feet in a yard

UNITS = ("in", "ft", "yd")


def inches_to_feet(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert lengths between inches and feet.
    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Lengths in feet.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from feet to inches
        instead of the default behaviour of inches to feet.
    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted lengths with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * INCHES_PER_FOOT
    else:
        return x / INCHES_PER_FOOT


def inches_to_yards(x, reverse=False):
    """Convert lengths between inches and yards.
    Parameters
    ----------
    x : array_like
        Lengths in feet.
    reverse : bool, optional
        If this is set to true this function converts from yards to inches
        instead of the default behaviour of inches to yards.
    Returns
    -------
    ndarray
        An array of converted lengths with the same shape as `x`. If `x` is a
        0-d array, then a scalar is returned.
    """
    if reverse:
        return x * INCHES_PER_YARD
    else:
        return x / INCHES_PER_YARD


Esecuzione dei test

Testare il tuo pacchetto in ambienti diversi

[tox]
____

[testenv]
____ = 
	____
____ =
	____


[tox]
envlist = py27, py39

[testenv]
deps = 
	pytest
commands =
	pytest


Configurare tox

[tox]
envlist = py27, py39

[testenv]
deps = 
	pytest
commands =
	pytest
    


from setuptools import setup, find_packages

# Add install requirements
setup(
    author="<your-name>",
    description="A package for converting imperial lengths and weights.",
    name="impyrial",
    packages=find_packages(include=["impyrial", "impyrial.*"]),
    version="0.1.0",
    install_requires=['numpy>=1.10', 'pandas'],
    #python_requires="==____.*",
)


from setuptools import setup, find_packages

# Add install requirements
setup(
    author="<your-name>",
    description="A package for converting imperial lengths and weights.",
    name="impyrial",
    packages=find_packages(include=["impyrial", "impyrial.*"]),
    version="0.1.0",
    install_requires=['numpy>=1.10', 'pandas'],
    python_requires="==3.9.*",
)


Esecuzione di tox

Mantieni il tuo package elegante

Filtrare lo stile in modo appropriato

"""Main module."""

def absolute_value(num):
    """Return the absolute value of the number"""
    if num>=0: return num
    else:
    	return -num


"""Main module."""


def absolute_value(num):
    """Return the absolute value of the number"""
    if num >= 0:
        return num
    else:
        return -num


Usare flake8 per ripulire un file

import numpy as np


def calculate_hypotenuse(side1, side2):
    """Calculate the length of the hypotenuse."""
    l = np.sqrt( side1**2 + side2**2 )  # ____: ____
    return l


import numpy as np


def calculate_hypotenuse(side1, side2):
    """Calculate the length of the hypotenuse."""
    l = np.sqrt( side1**2 + side2**2 )  # noqa: E741
    return l


Ignorare errori specifici

[flake8]

# Ignore F401 violations in the main __init__.py file
# per-file-ignores =
#     ____ : ____
        
# Ignore all violations in the tests directoory
# exclude = ____


from impyrial.length.api import (
    convert_unit,
    unit_to_mixed,
    mixed_to_unit,
)

def test_convert_unit():
    assert convert_unit(30, "ft", "in")==360.0
    assert convert_unit(30, "yd", "ft")==90.0
    assert convert_unit(10, "mi", "yd")==17600.0


[flake8]

# Ignore F401 violations in the main __init__.py file
per-file-ignores =
    impyrial/__init__.py: F401
        
# Ignore all violations in the tests directoory
exclude = tests/*


Configurare flake8

Increasing Your Package Quality

Create your packages more quickly. In this final chapter, you’ll learn how to use cookiecutter to generate all the supporting files your package needs, Makefiles to simplify releasing new versions, and be introduced to the last few files your package needs to attract users and contributors.

Faster package development with templates

Using package templates

Version numbers and history

CONTRIBUTING.md

History file

Tracking version number with bumpversion

Makefiles and classifiers

PyPI classifiers

Using makefiles

Wrap-up

Rapid Package Development

Ti capita di copiare e incollare lo stesso codice tra file, desiderando fosse più semplice riutilizzarlo e condividerlo? Impacchettare il tuo codice in pacchetti Python può aiutarti! In questo corso imparerai la struttura di un pacchetto e i file aggiuntivi necessari per trasformare codice sparso in pacchetti pratici. Imparerai anche la struttura degli import, la documentazione e come mantenere lo stile del codice con flake8. Poi velocizzerai lo sviluppo dei pacchetti creando template, usando cookiecutter per generare gli scheletri dei pacchetti. Infine, scoprirai come usare setuptools e twine per creare e pubblicare i tuoi pacchetti su PyPI — il palcoscenico mondiale dei pacchetti Python.

Introduction to Shell

Writing Functions in Python

Scopri struttura pacchetti, importazioni, documentazione, stile codice, crea modelli e pubblicali.

Sviluppare pacchetti Python

Impara a creare i tuoi pacchetti Python per rendere il tuo codice più facile da usare e condividere con gli altri.

Usare flake8 per ripulire un file

Sviluppare pacchetti Python

Esercizio pratico interattivo