String functions

There are a number of string functions that can be used to alter strings. A description of a few of these functions are shown below:

The LOWER(fieldName) function changes the case of all characters in fieldName to lower case.
The INITCAP(fieldName) function changes the case of all characters in fieldName to proper case.
The LEFT(fieldName,N) function returns the left N characters of the string fieldName.
The SUBSTRING(fieldName from S for N) returns N characters starting from position S of the string fieldName. Note that both from S and for N are optional.

Latihan ini adalah bagian dari kursus

Reporting in SQL

Cobalah latihan ini dengan menyelesaikan kode contoh berikut.

-- Convert country to lower case
SELECT 
	country, 
    ____ AS country_altered
FROM countries
GROUP BY country;