From sapply to vapply

As highlighted before, vapply() can be considered a more robust version of sapply(), because you explicitly restrict the output of the function you want to apply. Converting your sapply() expressions in your own R scripts to vapply() expressions is therefore a good practice (and also a breeze!).

Instructions

100xp

Convert all the sapply() expressions on the right to their vapply() counterparts. Their results should be exactly the same; you're only adding robustness. You'll need the templates numeric(1) and logical(1).

Take Hint (-30xp)