Triển khai exponential backoff với jitter

def retry_with_backoff(payload, max_attempts=5, base=0.2):
    last_error = None
    for attempt in range(max_attempts):
        try:
            # Try the call
            return ____(payload)
        except TransientError as err:
            last_error = err
            # Cap grows exponentially with each attempt
            cap = ____ * (2 ** attempt)
            # Pick a random wait between 0 and cap (full jitter)
            wait = random.____(0, cap)
            time.sleep(wait)
    # All attempts failed; surface the last error
    raise last_error


result = retry_with_backoff({"order_id": 42})
print(result)