dbt の高度なテスト手法でデータ品質を確保する方法を学びます。モデル、sources、seeds を検証するための組み込みテスト、singular テスト、再利用可能なテストを理解しましょう。Jinja でカスタムテストを定義し、失敗時のトラブルシューティングを行い、下流の分析に影響が出る前に不整合を検知できるよう、検証ワークフローを最適化します。

dbtにおけるテスト入門

組み込みテスト

モデルへのテスト定義

不正なデータを見つける

シンギュラーテストの作成

単体（singular）テストを開発する手順

乗車時間の検証

テスト用クエリの検証

カスタムの再利用可能なテストを作成する

Testing, testing, testing

再利用可能なテストを実装する

単体テストから再利用可能テストへの更新

テストとドキュメント化

拡張性があり本番運用に耐えるワークフローを実装して、dbt スキルをさらに伸ばしましょう。データリネージを向上させるための dbt sources と seeds の使い方、履歴変更を追跡する snapshots の実装、そして dbt build による変換の自動化を学びます。コースの終わりには、大規模なデータパイプラインを自信を持って運用できるようになります。

dbt sources

Options

Only dbt models

Common to models and sources

Only dbt sources

Models, sources, or both?

nyc_yellow_taxi:
  outputs:
    dev:
      type: duckdb
      path: dbt.duckdb
  target: dev



# Name your project! Project names should contain only lowercase characters
# and underscores. A good package name should reflect your organization's
# name or the intended use of these models
name: 'taxi_project'
version: '1.0.0'
config-version: 2

# This setting configures which "profile" dbt uses for this project.
profile: 'nyc_yellow_taxi'

# These configurations specify where dbt should look for different types of files.
# The `model-paths` config, for example, states that models in this project can be
# found in the "models/" directory. You probably won't need to change these!
model-paths: ["models"]
analysis-paths: ["analyses"]
test-paths: ["tests"]
seed-paths: ["seeds"]
macro-paths: ["macros"]
snapshot-paths: ["snapshots"]

target-path: "target"  # directory which will store compiled SQL files
clean-targets:         # directories to be removed by `dbt clean`
  - "target"
  - "dbt_packages"


# Configuring models
# Full documentation: https://docs.getdbt.com/docs/configuring-models

# In this example config, we tell dbt to build all models in the example/
# directory as views. These settings can be overridden in the individual model
# files using the `{{ config(...) }}` macro.
models:
  nyc_yellow_taxi:
  # Config indicated by + and applies to all files under models/example/
    taxi_rides:
    +materialized: view


{{ config(materialized='view')}}

select * from ____
        


version: 2

sources:
  - name: ____
    tables:
      - name: taxi_rides


#!/usr/bin/env python3
import duckdb
con = duckdb.connect('dbt.duckdb', read_only=True)
print(con.sql('select * from taxi_rides_raw'))
print(con.sql('select count(*) from taxi_rides_raw'))
if (con.execute('select count(*) from taxi_rides_raw').fetchall()[0][0] == 300000):
  with open('/home/repl/workspace/successful_data_check', 'w') as f:
    f.write('300000')


Run the following commands in the terminal:
  
dbt run
datacheck

{{ config(materialized='view')}}

select * from {{ source('raw', 'taxi_rides') }}
        


version: 2

sources:
  - name: raw
    tables:
      - name: taxi_rides


Run the following commands in the terminal:
  
dbt run
./datacheck

ソースの追加

dbt seeds（シード）

真実のかけら

{{ config(materialized='view')}}


with source_data as (
    select * from read_parquet('yellow_tripdata_2023-01-partial.parquet')
)

select * from source_data


version: 2

seeds:
  - name: ____
    config:
      column_types:
        ____: ____(5)


#!/usr/bin/env python3
import duckdb
import os.path

try:
  con = duckdb.connect('dbt.duckdb', read_only=True)
  print(con.sql('select * from nynj_zipcodes'))
  if (con.execute('select count(*) as total_zipcodes from nynj_zipcodes').fetchall()[0][0] == 2877):
    print("Your data counts are correct!")
    with open('/home/repl/workspace/successful_data_check', 'w') as f:
      f.write('2877')
  else:
    print("There appears to be an issue with your data counts.")
except duckdb.CatalogException:
  if not os.path.isfile('/home/repl/workspace/nyc_yellow_taxi/seeds/nynj_zipcodes.csv'):
    print("It looks like the nynj_zipcodes.csv file is\n not present in the seeds/ directory.\n\nPlease move the file and try again.\n")
  else:
    print("It looks like your data warehouse doesn't exist yet\n\n Please run the dbt seed command and try again.\n")

version: 2

seeds:
  - name: nynj_zipcodes
    config:
      column_types:
        zipcode: varchar(5)


#!/usr/bin/env python3
import duckdb
con = duckdb.connect('dbt.duckdb', read_only=True)
print(con.sql('select * from nynj_zipcodes'))
if (con.execute('select * as total_zipcodes from nynj_zipcodes').fetchall()[0][1] == 2877):
  with open('/home/repl/workspace/successful_data_check', 'w') as f:
    f.write('2877')


- Run the following command in the terminal window (or drag and drop the nynj_zipcodes.csv file into the seeds folder using the file explorer window.)

mv nynj_zipcodes.csv seeds/

- Modify the properties.yml file as described in the solution.

- Run dbt seed in the terminal window.

- Run the command ./datacheck in the terminal window and verify you see zipcode information in the printed table.

ZIP is the code

dbt snapshots で実装する SCD2（旧）

スナップショット作成の手順

スナップショットのプロセス

スナップショットの問題

version: 2

sources:
  - name: raw
    tables:
      - name: taxi_rides
      - name: vehicle_list


____

{{
    config(
      target_schema='main',
      unique_key='____',
      strategy='timestamp',
      updated_at='____'
    )
}}

select * from ____
{% endsnapshot %}


{% snapshot vehicle_list_snapshot %}

{{
    config(
      target_schema='main',
      unique_key='license_id',
      strategy='timestamp',
      updated_at='last_updated'
    )
}}

select * from {{ source('raw', 'vehicle_list') }}
{% endsnapshot %}


- Edit the snapshot_vehicle_list.sql file as shown
- Run the command dbt snapshot

スナップショットを追加する

dbt build で自動化する

オプション

dbt build がこのステップを実行する

dbt build はこれを実行しない

dbt build にできないことはどれですか？


# Name your project! Project names should contain only lowercase characters
# and underscores. A good package name should reflect your organization's
# name or the intended use of these models
name: 'nyc_yellow_taxi'
version: '1.0.0'
config-version: 2

# This setting configures which "profile" dbt uses for this project.
profile: 'nyc_yellow_taxi'

# These configurations specify where dbt should look for different types of files.
# The `model-paths` config, for example, states that models in this project can be
# found in the "models/" directory. You probably won't need to change these!
model-paths: ["models"]
analysis-paths: ["analyses"]
test-paths: ["tests"]
seed-paths: ["seeds"]
macro-paths: ["macros"]
snapshot-paths: ["snapshots"]

target-path: "target"  # directory which will store compiled SQL files
clean-targets:         # directories to be removed by `dbt clean`
  - "target"
  - "dbt_packages"


# Configuring models
# Full documentation: https://docs.getdbt.com/docs/configuring-models

# In this example config, we tell dbt to build all models in the example/
# directory as views. These settings can be overridden in the individual model
# files using the `{{ config(...) }}` macro.
models:
  nyc_yellow_taxi:
  # Config indicated by + and applies to all files under models/example/
    taxi_rides:
    +materialized: view


{{ config(materialized='view')}}

select * from 'taxi_rides'
        


{% snapshot vehicle_list_snapshot %}

{{
    config(
      target_schema='main',
      unique_key='license_id',
      strategy='timestamp',
      updated_at='last_updated'
    )
}}

select * from {{ source('new', 'vehicle_list') }}
{% endsnapshot %}


with avg_daily_fare as (
  select date_part('day', tpep_pickup_datetime) as day,
         avg(total_amount) as avg_amount
  from {{ ref('taxi_rides_raw') }}
  group by day
  order by day
)
select * from avg_daily_fare


version: 2

models:
  - name: taxi_rides_raw
    description: Initial import of the NYC Yellow Taxi trip data from Parquet source
    access: public
  - name: avg_ride_cost_per_day
    description: Avg amount spent per ride, per day
    access: public

sources:
  - name: raw
    tables:
      - name: taxi_rides
      - name: vehicle_list


version: 2

models:
  - name: taxi_rides_raw
    description: Initial import of the NYC Yellow Taxi trip data from Parquet source
    access: public
  - name: avg_ride_cost_per_day
    description: Avg amount spent per ride, per day
    access: public
sources:
  - name: raw
    tables:
      - name: taxi_rides
      - name: vehicle_list


- Run dbt build and look for errors. You should see an issue in the snapshots/vehicle_list_snapshot.sql.

- Edit this file as shown.

- Run dbt build again. You should see errors relating to the models/taxi_rides_raw.sql file.

- Edit this file as shown.

- Run dbt build once more and you should not see any errors.

インターンを助けよう！

Run the following commands in the terminal:

dbt build
dbt docs generate
dbt docs serve

すべてをまとめて実行する

本番環境での dbt 実装

この実践的なコースで、dbt スキルを次のレベルへ引き上げましょう。データエンジニアやアナリティクスのプロ向けに、カスタムテスト戦略、再利用可能なテスト、sources、seeds、そして履歴データの変化を追跡する snapshots など、dbt の高度な機能を学びます。さらに、dbt build を使って dbt パイプラインを自動化し、本番環境で信頼性が高く効率的な変換を実現する方法を身につけます。対話型の演習と実践的なシナリオを通じて、大規模なデータワークフローに dbt を適用する自信が得られます。

Introduction to dbt

データエンジニアと分析専門家向けの実践的なコースでdbtスキルを向上させましょう。

中級 dbt

データエンジニアとアナリティクス向けの実践的なコースで、dbtスキルを次のレベルへ引き上げましょう。

dbtの基礎

スナップショット名で `.sql` ファイルを作成する

`{% snapshot %}` ディレクティブを追加する

`dbt snapshot` を定期的に実行する

スナップショットのプロセス

中級 dbt

実践的なインタラクティブ演習