Visualizing median life expectancy over time

In the last chapter, you summarized the gapminder data to calculate the median life expectancy within each year. This code is provided for you, and is saved (with <-) as the by_year dataset.

Now you can use the ggplot2 package to turn this into a visualization of changing life expectancy over time.

This exercise is part of the course

Introduction to the Tidyverse

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Exercise instructions

Use the by_year dataset to create a scatter plot showing the change of median life expectancy over time, with year on the x-axis and medianLifeExp on the y-axis. Be sure to add expand_limits(y = 0) to make sure the plot's y-axis includes zero.

Hands-on interactive exercise

Have a go at this exercise by completing this sample code.

library(gapminder)
library(dplyr)
library(ggplot2)

by_year <- gapminder %>%
  group_by(year) %>%
  summarize(medianLifeExp = median(lifeExp),
            maxGdpPercap = max(gdpPercap))

# Create a scatter plot showing the change in medianLifeExp over time

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