Training multi-output models

When training models with multiple outputs, it is crucial to ensure that the loss function is defined correctly.

In this case, the model produces two outputs: predictions for the alphabet and the character. For each of these, there are corresponding ground truth labels, which will allow you to calculate two separate losses: one incurred from incorrect alphabet classifications, and the other from incorrect character classification. Since in both cases you are dealing with a multi-label classification task, the Cross-Entropy loss can be applied each time.

Gradient descent can optimize only one loss function, however. You will thus define the total loss as the sum of alphabet and character losses.

This exercise is part of the course

Intermediate Deep Learning with PyTorch

Exercise instructions

Calculate the alphabet classification loss and assign it to loss_alpha.
Calculate the character classification loss and assign it to loss_char.
Compute the total loss as the sum of the two partial losses and assign it to loss.

Hands-on interactive exercise

Have a go at this exercise by completing this sample code.

net = Net()
criterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = optim.SGD(net.parameters(), lr=0.05)

for epoch in range(1):
    for images, labels_alpha, labels_char in dataloader_train:
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        outputs_alpha, outputs_char = net(images)
        # Compute alphabet classification loss
        loss_alpha = ____
        # Compute character classification loss
        loss_char = ____
        # Compute total loss
        loss = ____
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()

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This exercise is part of the course

Intermediate Deep Learning with PyTorch

IntermediateSkill Level

4.8+

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Learn how to train neural networks in a robust way. In this chapter, you will use object-oriented programming to define PyTorch datasets and models and refresh your knowledge of training and evaluating neural networks. You will also get familiar with different optimizers and, finally, get to grips with various techniques that help mitigate the problems of unstable gradients so ubiquitous in neural nets training.

Exercise 1: PyTorch and object-oriented programming Exercise 2: PyTorch Dataset Exercise 3: PyTorch DataLoader Exercise 4: PyTorch Model Exercise 5: Optimizers, training, and evaluation Exercise 6: Training loop Exercise 7: Optimizers Exercise 8: Model evaluation Exercise 9: Vanishing and exploding gradients Exercise 10: Initialization and activation Exercise 11: Activations: ReLU vs. ELU Exercise 12: Batch Normalization

Train neural networks to solve image classification tasks. In this chapter, you will learn how to handle image data in PyTorch and get to grips with convolutional neural networks (CNNs). You will practice training and evaluating an image classifier while learning about how to improve the model performance with data augmentation.

Exercise 1: Handling images with PyTorch Exercise 2: Image dataset Exercise 3: Data augmentation Exercise 4: Data augmentation in PyTorch Exercise 5: Convolutional Neural Networks Exercise 6: The convolutional layer Exercise 7: Building convolutional networks Exercise 8: Training image classifiers Exercise 9: Choosing augmentations Exercise 10: Dataset with augmentations Exercise 11: Image classifier training loop Exercise 12: Evaluating image classifiers Exercise 13: Multi-class model evaluation Exercise 14: Analyzing metrics per class

Build and train recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for processing sequential data such as time series, text, or audio. You will learn about the two most popular recurrent architectures, Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) networks, as well as how to prepare sequential data for model training. You will practice your skills by training and evaluating a recurrent model for predicting electricity consumption.

Exercise 1: Handling sequences with PyTorch Exercise 2: Generating sequences Exercise 3: Sequential Dataset Exercise 4: Recurrent Neural Networks Exercise 5: Sequential architectures Exercise 6: Building a forecasting RNN Exercise 7: LSTM and GRU cells Exercise 8: RNN vs. LSTM vs. GRU Exercise 9: LSTM network Exercise 10: GRU network Exercise 11: Training and evaluating RNNs Exercise 12: RNN training loop Exercise 13: Evaluating forecasting models

Build multi-input and multi-output models, demonstrating how they can handle tasks requiring more than one input or generating multiple outputs. You will explore how to design and train these models using PyTorch and delve into the crucial topic of loss weighting in multi-output models. This involves understanding how to balance the importance of different tasks when training a model to perform multiple tasks simultaneously.

Exercise 1: Multi-input models Exercise 2: Two-input dataset Exercise 3: Two-input model Exercise 4: Training two-input model Exercise 5: Multi-output models Exercise 6: Two-output Dataset and DataLoader Exercise 7: Two-output model architecture Exercise 8: Training multi-output models

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Exercise 9: Evaluation of multi-output models and loss weighting Exercise 10: Multi-output model evaluation Exercise 11: Loss weighting Exercise 12: Wrap-up