Cloud Storage and databases

1. Cloud Storage and databases

First, we look at the different managed storage services that might be useful in your applications. You have a full range of cost-effective storage services to choose from when developing with Google Cloud. No one size fits all, and your choice of storage and database solutions will depend on your application and workload. Cloud Storage is a unified object storage that lets you serve, analyze, and archive data anywhere in the world. Objects are accessed by using HTTP requests, including ranged GETs to retrieve portions of the data. The only key is the object name. There is object metadata but the object itself is treated as unstructured bytes. The scale of the system allows for serving large static content and accepting user uploaded content including videos, photos, and files. Objects can be up to 5 TB each. Cloud Storage is built for availability, durability, scalability, and consistency. It's an ideal solution for hosting static websites and storing images, videos, objects and blobs, and any unstructured data. Firestore is a fast, fully managed, serverless, NoSQL document database built for automatic scaling, high performance, and ease of application development. Firestore provides features such as: A strongly consistent storage layer, A hierarchical collection and document-based data model, Real-time updates and offline features, and Mobile and Web client libraries. Firestore is built to scale and takes advantage of Google Cloud’s powerful infrastructure, with automatic scaling, in response to your application's load. Firestore is an excellent choice for mobile and web apps, especially those that require flexible data storage or have external user accounts. The data model for Firestore supports flexible, hierarchical data structures. Store your data in documents, organized into collections. Documents can contain complex nested objects in addition to subcollections. Bigtable is a high-performance, NoSQL database service. It’s a sparsely populated table that can scale to billions of rows and thousands of columns. Bigtable can store terabytes to petabytes of data. Bigtable is built for fast key-value lookup and supports consistent sub-10ms latency. Due to the fast lookup and write speed of Bigtable, it's great for storing user behavior. Bigtable is ideal for operational and analytical applications and is ideal for storing large amounts of single-keyed data and performing MapReduce operations. Bigtable offers seamless scaling: changes to the deployment configuration are immediate, so there’s no downtime during reconfiguration. Bigtable supports the open source industry standard HBase API. Cloud SQL is Google Cloud’s managed relational database service. With Cloud SQL, Google manages replication, failover, and backups of your databases so you can focus on your MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQL Server-compatible applications. Cloud SQL lets you easily configure replication and backups to protect your data. You can replicate a primary instance to one or more read replicas. A read replica is a copy of the primary that reflects changes to the primary instance in almost-real time. You can enable automatic failover to make your database highly available. The Cloud SQL Auth Proxy works by having a local client, called the proxy, running in the local environment. An application communicates with the proxy by using the standard database protocol for your database. The proxy uses a secure tunnel to communicate with its companion process running on the server. Cloud SQL Auth Proxy provides secure access to your Cloud SQL instances without you having to configure allowed IP addresses or SSL certificates. Cloud SQL is ideal for web frameworks, applications requiring structured data, and online transaction processing (OLTP) workloads. It is ideal for applications using MySQL, PostgreSQL, or SQL Server, with minimal refactoring required for migration to Google Cloud. AlloyDB is a fully managed, high performance PostgreSQL database service from Google Cloud. It combines the best of Google with PostgreSQL. Historically, a PostgreSQL database runs on a single VM with an attached disk. Scaling this type of architecture is difficult. With AlloyDB, Google separates the compute and storage for the database. Google databases like Bigtable and Spanner have traditionally used this same approach, allowing them to scale extremely well. AlloyDB gains the same benefits, allowing the database to scale while maintaining high performance for both reads and writes. AlloyDB is four times faster than standard PostgreSQL for transactional workloads. The Columnar Engine of AlloyDB results in 100 times faster performance than standard PostgreSQL for analytical queries, with zero impact on performance when running business intelligence, reporting, and hybrid transactional and analytical processing workloads. AlloyDB has full PostgreSQL compatibility and high availability with automatic scaling. Google manages replication, failover, and backups of your databases so you can focus on your applications. The AlloyDB Auth Proxy, which is similar to the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy, provides secure access to the database without having to configure allowed IP addresses or SSL certificates. AlloyDB is ideal for applications requiring high performance and PostgreSQL compatibility. The predictable and high performance is perfect for applications that want to perform a mix of transactional and analytical processing. Spanner is Google Cloud’s fully managed relational database service that offers both strong consistency and horizontal scalability. It's designed for mission-critical online transactional processing, or OLTP, applications. Spanner provides automatic, synchronous replication for high availability. Spanner is built for multi-region replication and offers one of the highest SLAs in the industry: 99.999%. Spanner is ideal for applications with relational, structured, and semi-structured data that require high availability, strong consistency, and transactional reads and writes.

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