Calculate fiscal year without a calendar table

The last two exercises introduced calendar tables, which are extremely helpful. To give you an idea of just how helpful they are, it is instructive to try to solve the same problem without a calendar table.

Our fiscal year runs from July 1 of the current calendar year through June 30 of the next calendar year.

Note that there are 21 lines to this query so you may need to scroll a bit to catch everything.

Fill in the fiscal day of the year in the SELECT clause.
In the CROSS APPLY function, fill in the appropriate function to determine the fiscal week of the year.
In the WHERE clause, fill in fiscal year 2019, which runs from July 1 of 2019 through June 30 of 2020.
In the WHERE clause, check whether we are past the 30th week of the fiscal year and determine if the date is a weekend. Note that days of the week in SQL Server start on Sunday (1) and end on Saturday (7).

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Exercise

Calculate fiscal year without a calendar table

Instructions