Longitude and latitude

Geographic longitude and latitude provide a coordinate system for specifying the position of any location on the surface of the Earth. To which family of variables does longitude belong?

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Intro to Statistics with R: Introduction

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Nominal,Ordinal,Interval,Ratio

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Turn theory into action with one of our interactive exercises

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Intro to Statistics with R: Introduction

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In this chapter professor Conway will cover types of variables. It is very important to understand what type of variable you are dealing with when conducting a particular type of statistical analysis. You will cover variables such as nominal, ordinal, interval and ratio, and you will experiment with these via interactive exercises in R.

Exercise 1: Types of variables Exercise 2: Basketball standings Exercise 3: Longitude and latitude

Current Exercise

Exercise 4: Nominal variables in R Exercise 5: Ordinal variables in R Exercise 6: Interval and ratio variables in R Exercise 7: On the Theory of Scales of Measurement (Stevens, 1946)Exercise 8: Two nominal variables Exercise 9: Quick summary

You will look here at distributions in graphs called histograms. A histogram is one of the simplest graphs used in statistics, but they are very useful and very informative. Studying histograms will help you to overcome the tendency to put too much of a focus on summary statistics.

Exercise 1: Histograms and distributions Exercise 2: Creating histograms in R Exercise 3: Reading histograms Exercise 4: Looking at distributions by using histograms (1)Exercise 5: Positive and negative skew Exercise 6: Looking at distributions by using histograms (2)Exercise 7: Red wine tasting Exercise 8: White wine tasting Exercise 9: A uniform distribution Exercise 10: A negatively skewed distribution Exercise 11: Leptokurtic distribution Exercise 12: Quick summary

When working with data it is very important to keep in mind what type of scale you are dealing with, hence this chapter on scales of measurement. This chapter will introduce you to the different types of scales with a specific focus on the standard scale, the z-scale.

Exercise 1: Scales of measurement Exercise 2: Converting a value to its Z-score Exercise 3: Interpretation of a Z-score Exercise 4: Converting a distribution to Z-scale Exercise 5: Quick summary

In the previous chapters you looked at distributions and the importance of these. In this chapter the focus is more on summarizing all available information and drafting summary statistics. To make it a little bit more fun, the examples will be based on a wine tasting experiment :-).

Exercise 1: Measures of central tendency Exercise 2: The mean of a Fibonacci sequence Exercise 3: Three measures of central tendency (1)Exercise 4: Measures of central tendency: mode Exercise 5: Choosing a measure of central tendency Exercise 6: Three measures of central tendency (2)Exercise 7: Setting up histograms Exercise 8: Types of distribution Exercise 9: Robustness to outliers Exercise 10: Get intuitive!Exercise 11: Quick summary

Measures of central tendency try to capture the center point of a distribution. Measures of variability want to capture how much spread there is, or how wide the distribution is. The two measures you will look at in this final chapter will be standard deviation and variance.

Exercise 1: Measures of variability Exercise 2: Sample variance formula Exercise 3: Calculating variance in practice Exercise 4: Purpose of measures of variability Exercise 5: Michael Jordan's first NBA season Exercise 6: Calculate the variance manually Exercise 7: Get intuitive!Exercise 8: Quick summary